Memorandum Number 1390

Decision

The Judicial Council issues no opinion in this matter. The votes of the Council Members were insufficient to declare unconstitutional any of the provisions before us. Our rulings on the constitutionality, meaning, application, or effect of the various provisions will await the specific facts of applications of these provisions in cases to come before the Council after January 1, 2020.

Lidia Romao Gulele was absent. 

Warren Plowden, first lay alternate, participated in this decision.

November 1, 2019